For years, low-quality seeds have been a major obstacle for farmers in Haiti. Coupled with recurring climate shocks and political instability, this has severely hampered agricultural productivity. Many farmers face the reality that only 40 to 50 percent of seeds germinate, leading to poor yields, reduced income, and an uncertain future for their livelihoods.
A growing solution lies in localizing the seed economy through organized seed banks known as Groupements de Production Artisanale de Semences (GPAS). These community-based groups cultivate and distribute high-quality seeds to other farmers, helping boost harvests and reduce dependence on imported seeds and food. Over 200 GPAS now operate across the country, serving as a lifeline for communities where more than half the population faces emergency food insecurity.
Agriculture remains the backbone of rural livelihoods, with two-thirds of Haitians relying on it for income. Yet, local production meets only about 40 percent of national food needs, leaving the country vulnerable to external market fluctuations. Strengthening seed systems has become a critical step toward reversing this trend.
The GPAS initiative gained momentum after the devastating 2010 earthquake, which not only destroyed infrastructure but also crippled agricultural systems. While emergency aid was essential, efforts quickly turned to rebuilding resilience. High-quality base seeds were distributed to jumpstart local seed production, alongside training in cultivation techniques, harvesting, storage, and financial management.
A core principle of the program is combining scientific advances with traditional knowledge. Farmers themselves choose which seed varieties to produce, often selecting local species that are already well-adapted to the climate and deeply rooted in cultural farming traditions. This ensures that the seeds perform well under local conditions and remain part of community identity.
Proper storage has also become a priority. Seed banks are equipped with silos and tools that protect seed stocks from humidity, pests, and extreme weather. This capacity to preserve seeds during droughts, floods, or storms allows farmers to maintain production even in the face of severe climate events.
Ultimately, GPAS represents more than just seed distribution it’s about restoring self-sufficiency and dignity. By strengthening local agricultural systems, communities can shift from dependency on external aid to building their own resilience, ensuring food security, and securing a more stable future.
