Kenya is formulating an ambitious 20-year National Marine Spatial Plan (MSP) to guide the sustainable utilization of its ocean resources and fully harness the country’s Blue Economy potential. The strategic framework seeks to balance environmental conservation, social inclusion, and economic growth while ensuring long-term sustainability of marine ecosystems.
The plan covers Kenya’s 250,000-square-kilometre ocean territory, extending from Vanga in Kwale County to Kiunga in Lamu County. It provides a structured approach to managing competing ocean uses such as fishing, tourism, transport, mining, and energy production. The MSP aims to prevent overexploitation, reduce user conflicts, and promote coordinated management of marine and coastal resources.
Expected to be finalized by June 2026, the plan will guide decisions within Kenya’s inshore waters across Kwale, Mombasa, Kilifi, Lamu, and Tana River counties, as well as the nation’s territorial seas and Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ). Through a participatory process, the government has conducted consultations across coastal counties, engaging local communities, government agencies, private sector players, and conservation organizations.
Public participation has been central to the process, ensuring that the voices of coastal communities and other ocean users are integrated into the planning framework. Stakeholders have raised key priorities including improved marine safety, protection of fishing grounds, and preservation of biodiversity.
The Marine Spatial Plan will designate specific zones for various marine activities such as fishing, tourism, shipping, energy development, conservation, and water sports. This zoning approach will help minimize conflicts among users and enhance efficiency in resource use.
The initiative aligns with Kenya’s Vision 2030 and the Fourth Medium Term Plan (MTP IV), both of which identify the Blue Economy as a major pillar of national economic transformation. By establishing a clear governance framework for ocean management, the MSP is expected to unlock new investment opportunities, create jobs, and contribute to sustainable coastal development.
Experts emphasize that proper marine planning will enable Kenya to transition towards a knowledge-based, ocean-driven economy. It also supports global commitments to conserve marine biodiversity and ensure that ocean wealth benefits both present and future generations.
