The reluctance of many men in Kenya to get tested for HIV remains a significant public health challenge, with a growing concern that men are being left behind in the fight against the virus. Despite being well-informed about HIV transmission, many men, particularly those in their 20s and 30s, continue to avoid HIV testing. This is evident in the experiences of individuals like Dennis, a 31-year-old who uses condoms during sex but has never thought to get tested. His logic revolves around being cautious and trusting that protection is enough to shield him from the virus. Despite fathering an HIV-negative child, Dennis continues to delay testing due to fear of a positive result, emphasizing his reluctance to confront his status.
Similarly, Noah Otieno, a second-year student, admits to avoiding HIV tests despite having multiple sexual partners. His reasoning stems from the belief that using condoms can sufficiently reduce his risk, though he occasionally engages in unprotected sex with trusted partners. For him, the idea of testing feels unnecessary, as he hopes to leave university without contracting the virus. However, these attitudes are not isolated and reflect a broader trend where men are less likely to get tested for HIV compared to women.
Recent data highlights a significant gender disparity in HIV care and prevention. Men account for only 35 percent of the 1.3 million people living with HIV in Kenya. In 2023, 20,480 AIDS-related deaths were recorded, with a nearly equal split between men and women. However, the impact on men is more pronounced in other areas: men are less likely to test for HIV, with only 1.8 million men tested in 2023, compared to 6.8 million people in total. Treatment rates also reflect this disparity, with 95 percent of women on HIV treatment, compared to 91 percent of men.
Men are also more vulnerable to co-infections, such as tuberculosis (TB), with 67 percent of new TB cases occurring in men aged 22-40. Many men with both TB and HIV are at high risk of complications and death if not treated promptly. Additionally, substance abuse, particularly the use of contaminated needles, is more prevalent among men, further increasing their susceptibility to HIV.
To address these challenges, the National Syndemic Diseases Control Council (NSDCC) has launched initiatives aimed at engaging men in HIV prevention and care. A key event in this effort is the upcoming Boys and Men Summit 2025, which will focus on promoting positive masculinity, tackling harmful gender norms, and encouraging men to take an active role in their health. The summit will bring together 1,000 male advocates to discuss health issues and promote changes in behavior that could reduce HIV transmission and improve overall health outcomes for men.
