In Uganda’s Apac District, known as the world’s most mosquito-bitten region with an estimated 1,500 infectious bites per person annually, a significant step has been taken in the fight against malaria. The government recently rolled out the new R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine targeting babies and toddlers. This marks a turning point in a district where malaria remains the leading cause of illness and death among children under five.
In 2024 alone, 41 children under five died of malaria in Apac. Health facilities like Apac General Hospital admit around 20 children a day, with 18 of those typically suffering from malaria. The new vaccine, administered in four doses at 6, 7, 8, and 18 months of age, is integrated into routine immunisation schedules at 19 health facilities across the district.
The response from the local community has been overwhelming. Mothers, many of whom have lost children to the disease, are eager to protect their babies. During the vaccine’s official launch on April 2, hundreds of people gathered for the opportunity to receive the vaccine, though only 245 children could be vaccinated before nightfall.
Apac’s high malaria prevalence, currently at 66.4%, is largely attributed to the numerous swamps and water bodies that cover half the district ideal breeding grounds for the malaria-transmitting Anopheles mosquito. As the rains return and these swamps fill, malaria cases inevitably spike.
Health workers in the region are hopeful. The vaccine does not completely prevent infection but helps reduce the severity of the disease. This could mean fewer children suffering from complications like seizures or needing emergency transfusions.
The Ministry initially distributed 7,700 doses to Apac, although over 9,000 children are eligible for vaccination. Across northern Uganda, similar trends are emerging, with high demand in many districts and concerns that the supply might not meet the need.
Despite this, the vaccine is seen as a vital new tool. It complements existing preventive measures such as insecticide-treated bed nets and larviciding efforts. Health officials believe that in combination, these measures can significantly reduce child mortality due to malaria.
For families in Apac, where malaria not only threatens life but imposes heavy financial burdens, the vaccine offers hope. Many parents now routinely bring their children to clinics, driven by the belief that this new intervention could save their children from the suffering and risks associated with severe malaria.
As roll-out continues, expectations remain high that the vaccine will bring lasting change to communities long burdened by the disease.
