A new CDC recommendation now includes certain adults ages 50 to 59 in the eligibility for the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine. This change is based on recent data showing significant benefits for this age group, particularly those with existing health conditions. If just 20% of newly eligible adults get vaccinated, experts estimate it could prevent thousands of hospitalizations, hundreds of ICU admissions, and over 300 deaths each year.
Why the RSV Vaccine Is Important
RSV is a common virus that infects the lungs and respiratory tract. While it often causes mild, cold-like symptoms, it can lead to serious illness in infants, older adults, and individuals with chronic health conditions. The RSV vaccine offers strong protection against these severe outcomes. There are currently three FDA-approved RSV vaccines: Pfizer’s Abrysvo, GSK’s Arexvy, and Moderna’s mRESVIA.
Who Should Consider the Vaccine
The new recommendation is aimed at adults ages 50 to 59 who are at higher risk for severe RSV. This includes people with certain chronic medical conditions, those living in nursing homes, and individuals in rural areas with limited access to health care. Previously, the vaccine was only recommended for adults 60 to 74 with risk factors, and all people 75 and older. Pregnant individuals between 32 and 36 weeks gestation during RSV season (September through January) are also advised to get the vaccine to protect their newborns.
Why the Guidance Has Changed
Health officials expanded eligibility after reviewing new evidence that supports the vaccine’s effectiveness in preventing severe RSV-related illness in adults 50 to 59 with underlying conditions. The vaccine has been shown to reduce hospitalization risk by about 75% in this population. Initial concerns about potential side effects, such as Guillain-Barré syndrome, prompted earlier caution. However, current data suggest the benefits outweigh the risks.
Timing and Frequency
The RSV vaccine is not needed annually. Most adults only need one dose. The CDC recommends getting vaccinated in late summer or early fall ideally from August through October ahead of the seasonal rise in respiratory infections. However, it’s acceptable to receive the vaccine at any time, such as during a routine check-up.
How to Know If You’re Eligible
If you’re 75 or older, vaccination is strongly recommended. If you’re between 50 and 74, consider the vaccine if you have high-risk health conditions. These include chronic heart or lung disease, end-stage kidney disease, diabetes with complications, liver disease, certain neurologic conditions, severe obesity, or a weakened immune system. People living in nursing homes or rural areas with limited medical services may also qualify. If you’re unsure, talk to your healthcare provider about your personal risk and whether the vaccine is right for you.
