The World Health Organization (WHO) has introduced updated guidelines for the prevention and management of HIV that aim to transform the global response to the virus. HIV, which attacks the immune system, has led to over 44 million deaths worldwide and continues to affect more than 40 million people currently living with the virus. If untreated, HIV severely weakens the immune system and can progress to AIDS.
While there is no cure for HIV, significant advances in treatment have made it possible to control the virus effectively. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) suppresses the virus, enabling individuals to maintain healthy immune function and avoid opportunistic infections. The latest breakthrough involves long-acting injectable medications that require administration only twice a year. These injectables offer an alternative to daily oral treatments, presenting a more convenient and effective option for many patients.
As of July 2025, WHO has expanded its recommendations to include the use of these injectables as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). This development is expected to change the dynamics of HIV prevention by reducing reliance on daily medication. Long-acting PrEP is particularly beneficial for populations that face challenges with daily adherence, such as marginalized groups, individuals with limited healthcare access, or those affected by stigma.
In addition to injectable PrEP, the guidelines emphasize the need to simplify HIV testing and prevention services. By removing unnecessary barriers, WHO aims to make PrEP both daily and long-acting more widely accessible. A key focus is on community-based delivery, allowing pharmacies, clinics, and telehealth platforms to provide these services conveniently and affordably.
The availability of long-acting PrEP twice a year could revolutionize HIV prevention, especially in high-risk communities. With fewer logistical and social barriers, more people are likely to adopt preventive measures, leading to a reduction in new infections over time.
However, successful implementation will require substantial funding and global collaboration to ensure the guidelines are applied at scale. If adequately supported, these changes hold the potential to significantly reduce HIV transmission and improve the quality of life for millions worldwide.
