Nairobi Woman Representative Esther Passaris has tabled a new Bill seeking to restrict public gatherings near Parliament and other key government-protected zones. The Public Order (Amendment) Bill, 2025 aims to amend the existing Public Order Act (Cap. 56) by introducing stricter regulations around the organization and location of public demonstrations.
According to the proposed legislation, no public meeting or procession would be allowed within a 100-metre radius of Parliament buildings, any protected areas under the Protected Areas Act, or courtrooms. Those found in violation of this law would face a fine not exceeding KSh100,000, imprisonment for a term not exceeding three months, or both.
Passaris argues that the proposed changes are necessary to ensure the safety of critical government institutions and promote orderly conduct during protests. “This amendment is not about silencing dissent,” she stated. “It is about ensuring that public expression does not interfere with the functioning of the country’s democratic institutions or endanger public safety.”
In addition to the restrictions, the Bill proposes that the Cabinet Secretary responsible for internal security, in consultation with county governments, will have the authority to designate specific zones where demonstrations and assemblies may take place. These zones would be marked and publicized in advance, helping to reduce confrontation between protesters and law enforcement.
The current Public Order Act requires organizers of public gatherings to notify a police officer at least three days before holding an event. Organizers must also submit names, addresses, expected dates, times (between 6 am and 6 pm), and specific venues for the gathering.
While the Bill is seen by some as a step toward streamlining public order management, critics have raised concerns over its potential to infringe on citizens’ constitutional rights to assemble and protest. Civil society organizations argue that peaceful protests are a cornerstone of democracy and that limiting access to symbolic areas like Parliament could suppress public participation in governance.
Debate over the Bill is expected to intensify as it proceeds to Parliament for further reading and potential amendments.
